TOEFL
stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language. This test is designed to
measure the English proficiency of non-English speaking people and is divided
into three parts. Tests were given a time limit for each section and using
multiple choice questions with four possible choices for each question.
TOEFL
previously named CAL (Center of Applied Linguistics) based in Washington DC and
established in 1959.CAL is a non-profit committed to examine the relationship
between language and the first budaya.Direktur CAL namely Charles A. Ferguson
(1921-1998) who had been a professor at the University of Hardvard.Ferguson
guided the center makes a practical solution of the development of the language
Ferguson diterapkan.Salah the initial project is the development of tests that
will measure command language ESL (English-as-a-Second-Language) students and
employees government. Ferguson and researchers developed the TOEFL test during
the first five years CAL.Toefl was first taken up by the center in 1964.
An
international testing standards organization has been managing the TOEFL test
ETS (Educational Testing Service). According to ETS, between 1964 and 2008, 24
million people, mostly international students, have taken the test. Introduced
in 2005, the internet-based test format has replaced the computer-based and
paper-based, with the results of computer-based orders are no longer applicable
in 2006.
Although
there is no pass or fail score for TOEFL score of 400 is considered generally
low and a score of 600 or above is very good. Each college, university, or
institution has its own entry requirements TOEFL score. Value required varies,
depending on the field of study (technical or non-technical) and program (two
years, graduate or undergraduate) which you are applying. A score of 400 or
above for the two-year program, 500 or above for undergraduate programs and 550
or above for graduate programs generally required.
This
test usually takes about three hours and is organized in four parts, namely
the:
·
listening
comprehension,
·
grammatical
structure and written expression
·
reading
comprehension, and part
·
writing.
Along
with the times, even countries whose native language is not English, such as
Japan, Korea, India, Malaysia, Indonesia, etc. requires a certain TOEFL score
for prospective students, whether they come from within the country, especially
if it comes from abroad. In Indonesia, TOEFL even be used also for:
·
Requirements
for acceptance of new employees in government agencies, government and private
companies.
·
Terms
of the new admissions to the level of S2 and S3.
·
Terms
of the scholarship application, both from government and private sources.
TOEFL
himself has several times experienced improvement by organizers agencies, ETS.
TOEFL Test forms ever introduced to the public, namely:
1.
TOEFL
Paper Based Test
Consists of 3 sections:
Listening, Structure, and Reading.
Maximum Score: 677.
2.
TOEFL
Computer Based Test
Consisting
of 4 Section:
Listening,
Structure, Reading, Writing.
Maximum
Score: 300.
3.
TOEFL
Internet Based Test
Consists
of 4 sections:
Listening,
Reading, Writing, Speaking.
Maximum
score: 120.
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