Countable and Uncountable Nouns

Countable nouns are nouns that can be calculated, which can indicate the quantity or amount, for example the noun pen can be counted one, two, or three pens.

Examples of nouns that can be calculated: cat, dog, man, baby, person, animal, bottle, box, coin, cup, plate,table, chair, bag, glass, books, house, etc. The objects that are around us generally are objects that can be calculated.

Examples of countable nouns in the sentence:
- We could see a ship in the distance.
- I have two brothers, John and Mark.
- I've got a problem with the car.
- Do you like these photos?
- I'm going out for five minutes.

Uncountable nouns (also called mass nouns) is the opposite of countable nouns, ie noun that can not be calculated, for example noun water. Noun can not be said to be a water or two of water,but it is more appropriate to be used in conjunction with other nouns that can be calculated, for example, a glass of water or two glasses of water.

Examples of nouns that can not be calculated: sand, water, rice, sugar, cheese, tea, coffee, advice,assistance, fun, money, music, art, love, etc.

Examples uncountable nouns in the sentence:
- Can I have some water?
- Shall we sit on the grass?
- The money is much better in my new job.
- I love music.
- Would you like some coffee?

TOEFL

TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language. This test is designed to measure the English proficiency of non-English speaking people and is divided into three parts. Tests were given a time limit for each section and using multiple choice questions with four possible choices for each question.

TOEFL previously named CAL (Center of Applied Linguistics) based in Washington DC and established in 1959.CAL is a non-profit committed to examine the relationship between language and the first budaya.Direktur CAL namely Charles A. Ferguson (1921-1998) who had been a professor at the University of Hardvard.Ferguson guided the center makes a practical solution of the development of the language Ferguson diterapkan.Salah the initial project is the development of tests that will measure command language ESL (English-as-a-Second-Language) students and employees government. Ferguson and researchers developed the TOEFL test during the first five years CAL.Toefl was first taken up by the center in 1964.

An international testing standards organization has been managing the TOEFL test ETS (Educational Testing Service). According to ETS, between 1964 and 2008, 24 million people, mostly international students, have taken the test. Introduced in 2005, the internet-based test format has replaced the computer-based and paper-based, with the results of computer-based orders are no longer applicable in 2006.

Although there is no pass or fail score for TOEFL score of 400 is considered generally low and a score of 600 or above is very good. Each college, university, or institution has its own entry requirements TOEFL score. Value required varies, depending on the field of study (technical or non-technical) and program (two years, graduate or undergraduate) which you are applying. A score of 400 or above for the two-year program, 500 or above for undergraduate programs and 550 or above for graduate programs generally required.

This test usually takes about three hours and is organized in four parts, namely the:

·      listening comprehension,

·      grammatical structure and written expression

·      reading comprehension, and part

·      writing.

Along with the times, even countries whose native language is not English, such as Japan, Korea, India, Malaysia, Indonesia, etc. requires a certain TOEFL score for prospective students, whether they come from within the country, especially if it comes from abroad. In Indonesia, TOEFL even be used also for:

·      Requirements for acceptance of new employees in government agencies, government and private companies.

·      Terms of the new admissions to the level of S2 and S3.

·      Terms of the scholarship application, both from government and private sources.

TOEFL himself has several times experienced improvement by organizers agencies, ETS. TOEFL Test forms ever introduced to the public, namely:

1.      TOEFL Paper Based Test

Consists of 3 sections:

Listening, Structure, and Reading.

Maximum Score: 677.

2.    TOEFL Computer Based Test

Consisting of 4 Section:

Listening, Structure, Reading, Writing.

Maximum Score: 300.

3.    TOEFL Internet Based Test

Consists of 4 sections:

Listening, Reading, Writing, Speaking.

Maximum score: 120.

Source:

https://iyaann.wordpress.com/2011/03/13/toefl/

http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/TOEFL

http://asharemore.blogspot.com/2013/06/pengertian-dan-kegunaan-test-toefl-test.html